The success of accomplishing the previously mentioned goals and objectives will depend on the cooperation and involvement of multiple parties, or stakeholders. The primary stakeholders include:
- Sudanese government
- Egyptian government
- Industries in Sudan
- Citizens of Sudan
Each stakeholder has common interests that can be measured in terms of success in achieving those interests. The key stakeholders possess a certain amount of influence over the Sudan that can range from weak to strong, and they can have a low to high level of organization and structure within their group. A summary of these merits can be seen in Table 2.
Table 1. Brief overview of key stakeholders.
Name of Group
|
Brief description of their identity (who are they)
|
What is their interest in the problem?
|
Describe their level of organization?
|
What sort of power do they have to influence the problem?
|
Citizens |
The people that inhabit the Nile river basin, in Sudan. |
Their interest in the problem is having enough (usable) clean water. |
They have a low level of organization and are dissipated. |
They have minimal influence and minimal power due to a lack of organization. |
Egyptian Government |
The Egyptian Government (regulates the Nile within Egypt) |
Their interest lies in the development of the country. |
They have a high level of organization. |
They have the largest amount of power over influencing the problem. |
Sudanese Government |
The Sudan Government (regulates the Nile within Sudan) |
Their interest lies in the development of the country. |
They have a high level of organization. |
They have the second to largest amount of power to Egypt. |
Industry in Sudan |
The factories and businesses that use the river for various reasons |
Their interest lies in gaining revenue for their company by accessing inexpensive water for industrial purposes. |
They have a substantial amount of organization. |
Industries contain a lot of power but still have less than the governments which govern their actions. |
Industries want to use as much free water as possible for industrial purposes, including machinery and discharge, with the intent of making money and thriving as a business. The industries’ progress would be reflected in the amount and cost of water they are able to intake and discharge. Industries form unions of large numbers and have a strong political influence over the governmental actions regarding the allocation of the water in the Nile—they have a moderate to high level of organization.
The citizens of Sudan have the goal of improving governmental regulations or policies to increase the amount of clean, accessible water with the intent of maintaining good health and surviving. In order to measure the progress of their goal, the cleanliness of the water would be measured. If they approach their goal, the domestic water supply would be cleaner and more accessible by the citizens. In order to achieve this goal the citizens raise complaints and may attempt to form interest groups with potentially influential leaders. However, the citizens have a very low level of organization because geographic dispersion.
The Egyptian and Sudanese governments each have the goal of obtaining as much control over the Nile River as they can in order to use the water for the development of their own country. If a country has increased access to clean water, industrial processes would increase, and economic development of the country would increase as a result. The Egyptian government has the goal of maintaining legal rights to have access to the Nile River—including water withdrawal control over other regions. In order to achieve this goal the government would maintain existing treaties which declare Egypt’s primary control over the Nile. In order to maintain control Egypt would have to declare its dominance and authority over other countries. The Sudanese government; however, has the goal of regaining control over the portion of the Nile in their country in order to thrive as a country and reduce health-related problems. To measure their success, legal rights would have to be analyzed. If existing Egyptian treaties are re-evaluated, the Sudanese government will move closer to achieving its goal. The Sudanese government would take action to attempt to develop and edit the existing water distribution treaties in Sudan’s favor.
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