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Geography

Page history last edited by rothscea@dukes.jmu.edu 12 years ago

Geography of Beijing

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Beijing Municipality:

 

     Beijing is a 3,000-year-old Municipality located on the northwestern edge of the North China Plain. The city of Beijing is the capital for the People’s Republic of China and is surrounded by mountains to the northwest and the Yongding and Chaobai river valleys leading to the Bohai Sea to the southeast [1]. The 16,808 km2 region is approximately ⅔ mountainous while the remaining ⅓ consists of low-lying plains. The municipality contains 10,072 km2 of mountain areas, 6,338 km2 of plain areas, and has a semi-arid and semi-humid continental monsoon climate [4].

 

     Within the municipality there are 16 districts and two rural counties. The Beijing municipality is a large city and municipality that is also treated as a province. The city is bordered by the Hebei province on three sides and the Tianjin province on the fourth.  The municipality is comprised of the following [4].

 

  1. 4 core city districts of 92 km2
  2. 4 near suburbs of 1,289 km2
  3. 8 outer suburbs of 12,405 km2
  4. 2 rural counties of 4,316 km2

 

 

Figure 1: Shows the division of the Beijing municipality. The two rural counties are located in the north, the city is represented by the red circles and the suburbs surround the city [4].

 

The Beijing Watershed:

 

90 percent of the surface water flowing through Beijing comes from rivers and streams to the west and north of the municipality in neighboring regions - Hebei province, Shanxi province, and Inner Mongolia. This river basin, the Hai river basin, drains into the Bohai Sea, located southeast of Beijing. Within Beijing, there are 5 main rivers and more than 200 smaller rivers, which have almost run completely dry. The Chaobai and Beiyun rivers are to the east, the Yongding and Juma to the west, and Jiyun to the northeast.  The bold outline in Figure 2 shows the boundaries of the entire watershed of Beijing[6]. The figure also shows Beijing's primary source of surface water, the Guanting and Miyun resevoirs.

 

 

Figure 2: A schematic of the Beijing Municipality watershed illustrating the waterways and parks [6].

 

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